1 Which ancient civilization is credited with the invention of writing?
[A] Indus Valley Civilization
[B] Mesopotamian Civilization
[C] Egyptian Civilization
[D] Chinese Civilization
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2 The Renaissance, a period of cultural and intellectual awakening, originated in which country?
[A] Italy
[B] France
[C] England
[D] Germany
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3 The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, formally ended which conflict?
[A] World War I
[B] World War II
[C] Napoleonic Wars
[D] Cold War
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4 Who was the leader of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917?
[A] Vladimir Lenin
[B] Joseph Stalin
[C] Leon Trotsky
[D] Nicholas II
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5 The French Revolution began in which year?
[A] 1776
[B] 1789
[C] 1804
[D] 1815
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6 The Berlin Wall, a symbol of the Cold War division, fell in which year?
[A] 1989
[B] 1991
[C] 1975
[D] 1961
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7 Who was the first President of the United States of America?
[A] George Washington
[B] Thomas Jefferson
[C] Benjamin Franklin
[D] John Adams
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8 Who was the first Emperor of the Maurya Empire in ancient India?
[A] Chandragupta Maurya
[B] Ashoka
[C] Bindusara
[D] Chandragupta II
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9 The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, is a foundational document for which principle?
[A] Divine Right of Kings
[B] Parliamentary Sovereignty
[C] Rule of Law
[D] Absolutism
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10 The Battle of Plassey, fought in 1757, established British supremacy in which region of India?
[A] Bengal
[B] Punjab
[C] Karnataka
[D] Gujarat
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